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Septic Tank Care & Maintenance

To maintain the effectiveness, safety, and useful life of your septic tank system, it is important that your home maintenance program include the proper care for your septic tank system.

Houses and buildings that are built away from city sewage lines must depend on a private sewage system to handle waste disposal from the household plumbing system.  Septic tank systems are designed to decompose solids and treat sewage by bacterial action, and then allow the residual to seep away into the earth.  The key components of a septic tank system are: sewage piping system from your house or building; an underground water-tight masonry or steel septic tank; distribution boxes; and a drainage field consisting of perforated clay pipes.  See also:  Plumbing.

Shown below are the recommended routine maintenance tasks for your septic tank system.  

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 Maintenance Task:  Pump out septic tank and inspect

 
       
    How do you pump out and inspect a septic tank?  

 

 

A specially-equipped, licensed and bonded, septic tank service company should be hired to test the tank level, and as necessary, pump out and dispose of the sludge from the bottom of the septic tank.  In addition, the septic tank company should check the alarm, baffles, compressor, motor, timer, and pump, as applicable to your system.  

NOTE: 

  • Since grease tends to clog septic tanks and slows down bacterial action, you should avoid pouring fats or oils down the drain.

  • Also do not put chemicals such as paint thinners, insecticides, or gasoline down the drains, as these will kill the important bacteria that break down waste products in the tank.

  • Further, to help extend the useful life of the septic system, insoluble solid material, such as plastic, rubber, rags, coffee grounds, and other foreign matter should never be flushed down the drain.

 
       
    Why is it important to pump out and inspect a septic tank?  

 

 

Since a septic tank is designed to collect a layer of sludge at the bottom, it must be pumped out periodically to prevent this solid layer from building up to the point where the sludge can spill over into the drainage field lines, which can cause major problems by plugging up these pipes.

 
       
    How often should you pump out and inspect a septic tank?  
    The sludge level should be checked annually (July), and depending on the size of the tank and usage, the septic tank may need to be pumped out every 2-4 years.  

 

 

 

   
    How does Home-Wizard rate the costs and benefits for this task?  
    The cost of this task is moderate, and you will need to hire a licensed septic tank service company.  
         
    The benefits of this task are high, as failure to properly maintain your septic system can result in blockage of the leeching fields which are very expensive to replace or repair.  
       
    Overall Home-Wizard benefit-versus-cost rating (one 'hat' = low and four 'hats' = high)  

 

 

 

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QUESTIONS & ANSWERS from "Ask-the-Wizard":

QUESTION from "Art from PGH"

We're moving to a house that has a septic system and heard that it is not good to use a garbage disposal since the septic is not designed to take the volume of waste.

1) Is this true (there are only two of us)?

2) Is a trash compactor a viable alternative (i.e. for all the food waste that would normally go into the garbage disposal)?

ANSWER:

Art from PGH:

Regarding your first question, yes, you can use a garbage disposal when you have a septic system, HOWEVER, since you will be adding more solid waste to your septic system, you need to be VERY CAREFUL to check your septic tank level more often. As you probably know, if your septic tank fills up with solids, these solids can over-flow and go into your leeching pipes which will be very expensive to remedy if they become plugged. And since you are new to the house, you will not have history on how often you should have your septic tank pumped.

The other point about your garbage disposal, is that some towns and cities do not allow garbage disposals to be installed where there are septic systems. And since you are new to this house, if you want to be in compliance, this is something you may want to check.

Regarding your second question, yes, a trash compactor is a viable option. In general, trash compactors are considered good for the environment because they reduce the trash's volume by about 80%, so it takes up a lot less room in a landfill. However, a couple of thoughts about using a trash compactor for food waste. First, food waste will not compact down as much as other household garbage; and secondly, depending on how "green" you want to be, an alternative to a garbage disposal is to set up a compost system in your yard, which will naturally bio-degrate your food waste. If you are interested, here is a link to some instructions on how to set up a home compost pile: http://www.ehow.com/how_137794_set-compost-system.html

Regards,
Home-Wizard.com
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Maintenance Library index
Air Conditioning (central) Foundation Program Thermostats
Air Conditioning (room unit) Freezer Radiators
Attic Furnace Refrigerator
Automatic Lawn Sprinklers Furniture (Fine Wood) Roof
Barbeque Grill Furniture (Leather) Roof Gutters
Baseboard Heating System Furniture (Upholstered) Safety Tips
Basement Garage Security System
Brick Siding Garbage Disposal Septic System
Carpets Garbage Rates Showers & Tubs
Ceiling Fan Gas Fireplace Smoke Detectors
Charity Goods Donation Heat Pump Storm Windows
Clothes Dryer Holiday Lighting Stove
CO Detectors Hot Tub Spa Sump Pump
Daylight Savings Time Humidifier Swimming Pool
Decking Insurance Rates Tax Assessment
Dehumidifier Large Trees Nearby Telephone Service Rates
Dishwasher Lawn Trash Compactor
Drapes and Blinds Locks & Hinges Utility Meter Verification
Driveway Marble Floors Vinyl Siding
Electric Air Cleaner Mattresses Washing Machine
Electric Shaver Medicines (expired) Water Beds
Electrical Ground Faults Microwave Oven Water Heater
Emergency Supplies Mortgage Rates Weatherstripping
Energy Audits Outside Lighting Well Water
Energy Rates Outside Water Faucets Windows
Energy Savings Tips Oven Window Screens
Exhaust Fans Patio Furniture Wood Siding
Fire Extinguishers Personal Computer Wood Stove
Fireplace Pest Control Wooden Floors
Forced Air Heating System Plumbing  

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